| Mg | Magnesium | Alkali Earth Metal |
| Atomic number: | 12 | Atomic weight: | 24.3050 | ||
| Shells: | 2,8,2 | Orbitals: | [Ne] 3s2 | ||
| Melting point: | 648.8°C | Boiling point: | 1090°C | ||
| Covalent radius: | 1.36 | Å | Atomic volume: | 13.97 | cm³/mol |
| Atomic radius: | 1.72 | Å | Ionic radius: | .72 (+2) | Å |
| Electronegativity: | 1.31 | Oxidation states: | |||
| 1st ionization pot.: | 7.6462 | V | 2nd ionization pot.: | 15.035 | V |
| 3rd ionization pot.: | 80.143 | V | Specific heat: | 1.02 | J/gK |
| Heat of fusion: | 8.954 | kJ/mol | Heat of vapor.: | 127.40 | kJ/mol |
| Thermal conduct.: | 1.56 | W/cmK | Electrical conduct.: | 0.226 | 10^6/cm ohm |
| Density: | 1.738 | g/cm³ | Valence: | 2 |