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Soyuz-TM 34
(Soyuz Taxi 4)
(Marco Polo)
Cosmonauts:
Upload:
Mark Shuttleworth was the first African into space. He performed three South African sponsored experiments during the trip. Since he paid approximately $20 million (US) for the trip, he is classified as the second space tourist. The SA sponsored experiments and enthusiastic South African support made him somewhat more than "just a tourist".
Soyuz-TM 34 was the replacement for Soyuz-TM 33. The Soyuz is used as a lifeboat for the ISS. Because of fuel degradation, the Soyuz needs to be replaced every six months. The upload crew returned in Soyuz-TM 33 after a 8 day stay aboard the ISS.