[ Russia in Space ]

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Soyuz-TM 34
(Soyuz Taxi 4)
(Marco Polo)

Cosmonauts:
    Upload:
       
Yuri P. Gidzenko [3], Commander
        Roberto Vittori [1], (Italy) Flight Engineer
        Mark R. Shuttleworth [1] (South Africa)
    Download:
        Sergei Zalyotin, Commander
        Frank De Winne, (Belgium) Flight Engineer
        Yuri Lonchakov, Flight Engineer
Backup:
    Gennadi I. Padalka
    Oleg D. Kononenko
Launch:
    Date: 25 April 2002
    Time: 06:26 UTC
Landing:
    Date: 10 November 2002
    Time: 00:04 UTC
Duration: 198 days, 17 hours, 38 minutes
Docked: 27 April 002 - 9 November 2002
Call Sign: Uran (Uranus)

Mark Shuttleworth was the first African into space. He performed three South African sponsored experiments during the trip. Since he paid approximately $20 million (US) for the trip, he is classified as the second space tourist. The SA sponsored experiments and enthusiastic South African support made him somewhat more than "just a tourist".

Soyuz-TM 34 was the replacement for Soyuz-TM 33.  The Soyuz is used as a lifeboat for the ISS. Because of fuel degradation, the Soyuz needs to be replaced every six months. The upload crew returned in Soyuz-TM 33 after a 8 day stay aboard the ISS.