European Astronaut Corps

Name	Selected	Status
Franco Malerba	1978	Inactive
Ulf Merbold	1978	Retired
Claude Nicollier	1978	Retired
Wubbo Ockels	1978	Deceased
Dirk Frimout	1985	Retired
Maurizio Cheli	1992	Retired
Jean-Françis Clervoy	1992	Active
Pedro Duque	1992	Active
Arne Fuglesang	1992	Active
Marianne Merchez	1992	Retired
Thomas Reiter	1992	Inactive
Jean-Pierre Haigneré	1998	Inactive
Umberto Guidoni	1998	Inactive
Gerhard Thiele	1998	Inactive
Frank De Winne	1998	Active
Léopold Eyharts	1998	Active
André Kuipers	1998	Active
Paolo Nespoli	1998	Active
Hans Schlegel	1998	Active
Roberto Vittori	1998	Active
Reinhold Ewald	1999	Inactive
Claudie Haigneré	1999	Inactive
Philippe Perrin	1999	Inactive
Michel Tognini	1999	Inactive
Samantha Cristoforetti	2009	Active
Alexander Gerst	2009	Active
Matthias Maurer	2009	Active
Andreas Mogensen	2009	Active
Luca Parmitano	2009	Active
Timothy Peake	2009	Active
Thomas Pesquet	2009	Active

Notes: Jean-Pierre Haigneré is currently senior advisor to the ESA Director of Launchers.
   Claudie Haigneré is currently Minister for Research and New Technologies in the French government.
   Michel Tognini became head of the Astronaut Division of the ESA in May 2003.
   Philippe Perrin left to become a test pilot with Airbus Industries in May 2004.
   Umberto Guidoni became a Member of the European Parliament in July 2004.
   Thomas Reiter left to join the Executive Board of the German Space Agency in October 2007.
   Pedro Duque left to become Director of Operations of the Spanish User Support and Operations Centre (USOC) in Madrid.
   Reinhold Ewald is presently heading the Flight Operations Division within the ESA.
   Gerhard Thiele became Resident Fellow with the European Space Policy Institute in Vienna, Austria on 1 April 2010.

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Europeans who have flown but are not in the European Astronaut Corps ^[1]

Name	Selected	Status
Sigmund Jähn	1976	Retired
Vladimir Remek	1976	Retired
Patrick Baudry	1980	Retired
Jean-Loup Chretien	1980	Retired
Reinhard Furrer	1982	Deceased
Ernst Messerschmid	1982	Retired
Jean-Jacques Favier	1985	Retired
Ulrich Walter	1987	Retired
Franz Viehböck	1989	Retired
Helen Sharman	1989	Retired
Klaus-Dietrich Flade	1990	Retired

1. Not listed are astronauts from non-ESA member nations, such as Poland or Bulgaria.